Port States - Spanning Tree
When all network bridges have all their ports either in a
"blocking" (inactive) or "forwarding" (active) state, the
network is considered converged, meaning it has reached a stable loop-free topology; however, if a network change occurs, the network can become
temporarily unavailable until the bridges recalculate their states and converge
again, with RSTP (a few seconds or less) significantly reducing this downtime compared to the
older STP (tens of seconds) protocol by converging much faster.
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